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Imbokodo (Mbokodo)

Explanation
an organisation established in 1985 by KwaNdebele's political elite to realise the KwaNdebele government's drive to incorporate the areas of Moutse and Leandra in order to make the homeland a more viable geographic and political entity. Imbokodo members carried out brutal attacks in which hundreds of ordinary residents were assaulted and killed. These attacks radicalised a previously apolitical population. 'Comrades', in turn, ruthlessly and methodically attacked suspected Imbokodo members and their families. Imbokodo members were therefore both perpetrators and victims of the violence that engulfed and nearly destroyed the homeland from mid-1995 to 1988.

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Was beaten to death by members of the Imbokodo vigilante group in Moutse, KwaNdebele, in 1986 after he was accused of insulting ministers from KwaNdebele. The Moutse area was tense following proposals for incorporation into KwaNdebele. See Imbokodo.
Was shot and killed by Imbokodo vigilantes in Tweefontein, Transvaal, on 26 May 1986 during an attack on his mother’s house. At the time of the incident there was resistance in the area to incorporation into KwaNdebele. See Imbokodo.
Was severely beaten by Imbokodo vigilantes in Moutse, KwaNdebele, on 18 May 1980 and died several days later in hospital during conflict over the recognition of Chief Mahlangu. See Imbokodo.
Was abducted and severely beaten in KwaNdebele by Imbokodo vigilantes in May 1986 during conflict over incorporation into KwaNdebele. See Imbokodo.
Was abducted by Imbokodo vigilantes from his home in KwaNdebele, on 1 January 1986. At Siyabuswa community hall, he and others were put in a room where the floor had been deliberately soaped to make it slippery. They were then sjambokked and beaten where they fell. The assaults lasted for about ...
Was severely assaulted with pick handles and sjamboks by Imbokodo members at his home in Moteti, Moutse, Transvaal, on 1 January 1986 because he resisted the incorporation into KwaNdebele. See Imbokodo.
Was shot dead by Imbokodo vigilantes in Tweefontein, KwaNdebele, on 12 June 1986. Imbokodo members attacked Tweefontein in retaliation for an earlier attack on shops owned by Chief Minister Piet Ntuli, killing six youths and wounding many.
An Imbokodo vigilante member who had his home damaged in an arson attack by a named perpetrator in Kwaggafontein, Transvaal, in June 1986 during conflict over the proposed independence of KwaNdebele. See Imbokodo.
Was arrested at Dennilton, KwaNdebele, in 1986 and detained for a month in several prisons. His detention occurred during conflict between Imbokodo, allegedly aided by members of the SAP, and people opposed to KwaNdebele independence. See Imbokodo.
Was stabbed to death by Imbokodo vigilantes in Kwarrielaagte, KwaNdebele, on 1 January 1986 during conflict over the independence of KwaNdebele. See Imbokodo.
people gathered at the Ndzundza Royal Kraal for a report back from the KwaNdebele cabinet on earlier demands to abandon independence and disband the Imbokodo. See Imbokodo. ...
Was abducted and taken to a camp in Vaalbank, KwaNdebele, where he was severely beaten by Imbokodo vigilantes in May 1986. At the time, there was considerable community conflict over incorporation into KwaNdebele.
Was shot dead by named Imbokodo members on 4 January 1986 in Moutse, KwaNdebele, during resistance to incorporation.
Was killed by Imbokodo members on 1 January 1986 in Moutse, KwaNdebele, during conflict over incorporation into KwaNdebele.
Was arrested in May 1987 in Siyabuswa, KwaNdebele, and detained for seven months during conflict between Imbokodo vigilantes and people resisting incorporation into KwaNdebele.
Was abducted with her parents and assaulted by Imbokodo vigilantes in Vlaklaagte, KwaNdebele, on 27 April 1986. She and her mother were later released, but her father’s mutilated body was found the next day.
A UDF supporter who was abducted, tortured and beaten by Imbokodo vigilantes in Siyabuswa, KwaNdebele, on 18 May 1986. Police rescued the abducted youths and the perpetrators were acquitted in a controversial court case. Three of the original accused paid R50 admission of guilt fines.
Was beaten by Imbokodo vigilantes in KwaNdebele, in April 1986 during conflict over the proposed independence of the homeland.
Was burnt to death by Imbokodo vigilantes in KwaNdebele, on 8 June 1986. Mr Ngwenya was reportedly on his way for military training from the ANC in Lusaka.
Was severely beaten by Imbokodo members in 1986 because he had an argument with a CID policeman. He was taken to Kwaggafontein police station, Tvl, where he was allegedly assaulted again
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