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Municipal Police

Explanation
The Municipal Police force was created to defend black local authorities in townships across the country and to bolster the security forces' efforts to deal with the climate of 'ungovernability' that had gripped the country in the mid-1980s. Approximately 14 000 Municipal Police officers were recruited, trained and deployed in urban and rural towns across the country where unrest was strongest. They rapidly became associated with violations both on and off duty. Between April 1988 and August 1987, Municipal Police members had been charged with crimes including murder, robbery, assault, theft and rape. Known also as 'greenflies', 'greenbeans' or ' amaTshaka ', the Municipal Police were attached to the local authorities, initially falling under the Department of Constitutional Development. In 1989 they were incorporated into the SAP.

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557 It took the police at least four hours to arrive at the scene of the Sebokeng Massacre on 3 September 1990, although both the SAP and municipal police stations were less than 500 metres from the scene. The initial attack began at 01h00 and was carried out by Inkatha supporters armed with ...
... wished for was not established. The minute of the SSC meeting of 8 May 1989 records that General de Witt reported that the “establishment of the municipal police and the extension of the SAP’s unrest unit did away with the need for the creation of a ‘third force’ ”. 54 In 1990, a ...
... (UDF) takes place in Mitchell’s Plain on 20 August. The immediate goal is to oppose the introduction of the Tricameral Parliament and black municipal councils. In terms of the Republic of South Africa Constitution Act, the new constitution is adopted by Parliament in September. The Act ...
... 81 In rural areas, incidents of violence became common following the deployment of groups of between ten and twenty special constables or municipal police from early 1987. 82 In Beaufort West Mr Sidney Yabo [CT00358/BEA] was shot and blinded in June and Mr Jan Molowitz [CT00361/BEA] ...
... being run by administrators. Only twenty-six of the seventy-one were still functioning. In March 1992, the government announced that racially based municipal elections would be suspended pending the establishment of an interim government. 156 Vigilante activity persisted during this period, ...
... in September 1986. The reasons for his murder are unclear, but appear to be related to the fact that he had previously worked for the Nelspruit municipal council and did not immediately comply when ordered by a group of sjambok-wielding ‘comrades’ to come to a meeting. Mr Mlotshwa spent ...
... applications relating to attacks or the killing of informers, except where their handlers were responsible. Mr Mnyamana Daliwe [EC0075/96SBR] was a municipal worker in Cathcart at the time of his death. On 14 November 1985 he was abducted, assaulted, stabbed and burned to death at Old Location ...
Free State. The Commission received reports of brutality by the police and by the so-called ‘anti-comrade’ groups associated with the police and municipal structures in the Brandfort area. 63 In addition to her banishment to Brandfort, Mandela’s banning orders prevented her from meeting ...
... to any organisation at the time, was accused of being an ANC leader in the area and interrogated about his alleged involvement in the burning of a municipal office. When he denied that he was politically involved he was severely tortured. When he asked what evidence the police had that he was an ...
... that, in 1987, twelve members of the ‘enemy’ were killed and sixty-seven others were wounded – casualties of an APLA grenade attack on two municipal police platoons at the Soweto Police Training College. In 1988, a clash between APLA cadres and the police resulted in the death of four ...
... ACTED IN CONCERT WITH SPECIAL CONSTABLES IN THE PERPETRATION OF GROSS HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS. THE COMMISSION FINDS THAT SPECIAL CONSTABLES AND MUNICIPAL POLICE SERVED TO PROVIDE AN ARMED CAPACITY TO THOSE PRO-GOVERNMENT INDIVIDUALS OR GROUPINGS THAT THE STATE SOUGHT TO DEFEND AND PROMOTE, ...
... response to clashes with police. UDF supporter, Justice Bekebeke [AM6370/97; AC/1999/203], applied for and was granted amnesty for the killing of Municipal Police officer Lucas Tsenolo ‘Jetta’ Sethwale in Paballelo township in Upington in the Northern Cape on 13 November 1985. The turbulent ...
... is destroyed in an arson and limpet mine attack. The ECC wins a successful interdict against the SADF ‘dirty tricks’ campaign in October. Municipal elections in October meet with widespread national resistance and violence. Former police officer Barend Strydom, AWB and Witwolwe member, ...
Dlanjwa and Ms Wendy Sizeka Ramathe [EC0575/96PLZ] were attacked by UDF-aligned amabutho at Veeplaas in Port Elizabeth. The two women worked for the municipal welfare department and ran a welfare project involving a soup kitchen, sewing classes and the distribution of food parcels. They were at ...
... names came up repeatedly. Torture was used by the security police and by other elements of the security forces, including the Reaction Unit, the Municipal Police, the CID and, to some extent, by the military intelligence unit of the SADF.94 Many former detainees who experienced torture did ...
... balaclavas were seen moving around the area in the middle of the night. Significantly, this conflict took place just months before the October 1988 municipal elections, in which the state was concerned to win as many allies as possible. Rural vigilantes 279 In certain rural areas, the ...
administration of black urban areas from that of white cities. This often meant that black areas were without electricity services altogether. White municipal areas normally had industrial as well as residential demand. This could be used to balance the load factor, resulting in lower overall ...
... d Boland (Breëriviervallei, Worcester) (24 - 26 June 1996). This hearing focused on the actions of the Amasolomzi (vigilantes supported by municipal police), the recurrent shooting and killing of youths by the police and torture in police cells. e Peninsula (Helderberg/Tygerberg) (5 - ...
... car bomb in July. In White City, at least twenty-four people are killed in August following police action against a crowd demonstrating against municipal rent raids in Soweto. MK operatives entering the country are ambushed in Amsterdam, Transvaal. Three die. (This method becomes more ...
Reconciliation in Upington, Northern Cape: Nicholas ‘Oupa’ Links and the Jonga family 84 The house of Mr Nicholas Links, a municipal police officer, came under attack by youths in December 1986. When his daughter’s head was injured by a stone hurled by the four youths attacking his house, ...
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