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right-wing attacks

Explanation
Prior to February 1990, violations committed by members of right-wing organisations took the form of isolated attacks with a strong racist character. During the early 1990s, members of right-wing organisations, perceiving themselves to be placed under siege by the process of constitutional negotiations for a democratic dispensation, carried out a large number of attacks aimed at securing the political interests of conservative Afrikaners. Isolated racist attacks on individuals were replaced by mass demonstrations and orchestrated bombing and sabotage campaigns. Between April 1993 and May 1994, right-wing groups engaged in a range of activities to disrupt the negotiations process then underway, and later to destabilise the electoral process. Many of these acts were directed against persons perceived to be supporters and leaders of the ANC, the SACP, the UDF, the PAC and the National Party, and resulted in gross violations of human rights. Violations of a purely racial character were also carried out against black people. During the pre-election period, the AWB and other right-wing organisations engaged in a bombing campaign with the aim of derailing the electoral process. The objective of these activities was to move towards 'overthrowing' the National Party government and to establish a Boererepubliek (Boer republic) and volkstaat. Public areas such as taxi ranks, bus stops and railway stations were targeted, as were private residential and business premises of those associated with the ANC or the unfolding democratic order. State property was also targeted, especially following the announcement that the Group Areas Act was to be repealed and schools opened to all. A number of formerly 'white' schools were bombed. The campaign involved many acts of sabotage, some of which led to the loss of life.

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MR MALAN: I think the question is really, you talk about the attacks on your home but you're not saying in your statement that Mr Cele was involved in these attacks. So the question is, why do you tell us about the attacks?
JUDGE MOTATA: Contrast this with the attacks, counter attacks if I may call it that, of the IFP at Zenzele, I think you said, by the residents who were largely affiliated to the ANC within Daveyton, that when those attacks were done, it was clear that this is a retaliation that the IFP people were ...
"There was no doubt regarding the fact that ANC/MK members were launching attacks on the RSA, which had been planned and orchestrated in Swaziland, particularly landmine attacks in rural areas, as well as limpet mine attacks in restaurants, during which many innocent persons were killed and ...
In the four operations briefly described above, the applicants believed that their attacks were directed against policemen who, as part of the security system of the previous government were regarded as the enemy of the people. The attack on the Steak Restaurant in Claremont was aimed at the white ...
... 1991. The residents, who were mostly aligned to the African National Congress (ANC) were required to develop a vigilance on the farm because of attacks on the residents by members of the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP). These attacks were politically motivated. This resulted in regular patrols ...
... of these incidents. They weren't able to take the matter very far, Chairperson, but it's evident from this list itself, that there were many more attacks and there were many more attacks on military personnel, army vehicles and military offices as well. It shouldn't, with respect, be thought ...
"6.2.7 Deliberate disinformation, leading to mistaken attacks – In a few cases deliberate disinformation resulted in attacks and assassinations in which dedicated cadres lost their lives. In one of the most painful examples of this nature, a state agent with the MK name of "Fear" ordered two ...
objectives.  A the relevant time APLA was still engaged in the armed struggle and regarded all whites as supporters of the Apartheid Government.  Attacks of this nature were aimed at impressing on whites the need to abandon their support for the Government of the time and to make it clear ...
MS TANZER: Was any other persons convicted for the Sebokeng attacks, or the Zone 13 attacks?
The Applicant is therefore GRANTED amnesty for the attacks on the 23rd and 24th April 1994 on the Msboyazofe and Bhuyafuti hostels respectively, which attacks were carried out by the launching of rockets into the hostels, as well as for the illegal possession of two Bazooka rocket launchers ...
... was underscored by the fact that he was a member of the elite Special Operations unit of the ANC and some of the biggest and most spectacular attacks during the conflict of the past, were attributed to Special Ops, such as the explosions in Durban on the Victoria embankment and the Mobil ...
MR KHUMALO: They were moving in groups. The first group was led by the police. When they came they were chanting, doing some mock attacks. Then we had asked the police to control them. Indeed the police have done that. Then they passed. Then the second group came. The second group when it came they ...
... the dimension of conflict at the traditional and rural level was very brutal, all out war. It was not based on a frame of modern reason. Revenge attacks were actually daily occurrences. These were not revenge attacks of a non-political nature or of a personal nature. They were at the centre ...
... to today were you not able to remember any name of a person who was present in a meeting of the State Security Council, more specifically when the attacks, the cross-border attacks were ...
Toka et al were granted amnesty. He states that as commanders they were not involved in the selection of the targets and the actual planning of the attacks. Toka, Maponya (initially) and Webster, as well as the recruits had a discretion in the identification and planning of attacks, as long as ...
... We alighted from the lorry. We fought with this group, shooting each other. They ran away and then we returned. We fought that way with our attacks and with their attacks. ...
... with his parents. The Trial Court accepted that at that time there was a climate of violence in Kwamakhuta. There were factions in each area and attacks and counter-attacks between these factions was common place. The applicant resided in an IFP area. He says he was a member of the Inkatha ...
And you've told us that there were a lot of attacks in that area. You mentioned that they day before this happened there were lots of attacks. --- Yes. You've also spoken about some soldiers. You said one of them that you spoke to was a coloured person. Do you know where these soldiers were ...
MR PRETORIUS: Chairperson, at that stage in Soweto, there was a heavy onslaught, specifically with regard to handgrenade attacks. Handgrenade attacks were the order of the day in Soweto, during that time, Chairperson.
schools and attacks on the homes of policemen, attacks on persons,
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