TRC Final Report

Volume 6

Section 0

Part frontmatter

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■ CONTENTS

Foreword by Archbishop Desmond Tutu

SECTION ONE Report of the Amnesty Committee

INTRODUCTION 1 ......

CHAPTER 1

The Legal Basis of the Amnesty Process ...... 3

CHAPTER 2

Administrative Report ...... 17

CHAPTER 3

Modus Operandi of the Committee 36

CHAPTER 4

Legal Challenges ...... 54

CHAPTER 5

Some Reflections on the Amnesty Process 83

SECTION TWO Report of the Reparation and Rehabilitation Committee

CHAPTER 1

Introduction ...... 92

CHAPTER 2

The Case for Reparation and Rehabilitation: Domestic and International Law 96

CHAPTER 3

The Argument for Reparation: Comparative and Customary Law ...... 112

CHAPTER 4

The Argument for Reparation: What the Witnesses Say ...... 120

CHAPTER 5

Reparations and the Business Sector ...... 140

CHAPTER 6

Reparations and Civil Society ...... 156

CHAPTER 7

Implications and Concluding Comments ...... 160

CHAPTER 8

Administrative Report ...... 165

SECTION THREE The Intersection between the Work of the Human Rights Violations Committee and the Amnesty Committee

CHAPTER 1

The Former South African Government and its Security Forces ...... 181

CHAPTER 2

The ANC and Allied Organisations ...... 264

CHAPTER 3

The Inkatha Freedom Party ...... 338

CHAPTER 4

The Pan Africanist Congress ...... 375

CHAPTER 5

Azanian People’s Organisation ...... 442

CHAPTER 6

Right-Wing Groups ...... 444

SECTION FOUR Report of the Human Rights Violations Committee

CHAPTER 1

Abductions,Disappearances and Missing Persons ...... 512

CHAPTER 2

Exhumations ...... 550

CHAPTER 3

Administrative Report ...... 570

APPENDIX

The ‘Third Force’ ...... 579

SECTION FIVE Findings and Recommendations

CHAPTER 1

The Legal Framework within which the Commission made Findings in the Context of International Law ...... 589

Appendix 1

Applicability of the Geneva Conventions ...... 607

Appendix 2 610

CHAPTER 2

Holding the State Accountable ...... 614

CHAPTER 3

Holding the ANC Accountable 642

Appendix

ANC Declaration to ICRC ...... 670

CHAPTER 4

Holding the IFP Accountable ...... 673

Appendix 1

Schedule of Changes and Corrections ...... 680

Appendix 2

Appendix Concerning IFP Findings ...... 696

CHAPTER 5

Holding the PAC Accountable ...... 702

CHAPTER 6

Holding Right-Wing Groups Accountable ...... 720

CHAPTER 7

Recommendations ...... 726

SECTION SIX Administration

Report of the Chief Executive Officer ...... 733

Managerial Reports ...... 744

Annual Financial Statements ...... 756

ERRATA TO THE FINAL REPORT ...... 784

ACRONYMS ...... 787

A rchbishop Desmond Tu t u Chairperson

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Dr Alex Boraine Vice - Chair person

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Ms Mary Burton

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Revd Bongani Finca

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Ms Sisi Khampepe

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Mr Richard Ly s t e r

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Mr Wynand Malan

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Revd Khoza Mgogo Ms Hlengiwe Mkhize

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Mr Dumisa Ntsebeza

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Dr Wendy Orr

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Adv Denzil Potgieter

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Dr Fazel Randera

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Ms Yasmin Sooka

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Ms Glenda Wildschut

Chief Executive Officer: Mr Martin Coetzee

First published March 2003

© Truth and Reconciliation Commission and thereafter the Department of Justice. All rights reserved. These volumes may not be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without prior permission of the copyright holder.

ISBN 0702158763

Editorial and production Management: Yasmin Sooka Editing: Susan de Villiers Contributions and assistance by: Jane Argall, Debbie Budlender, Mary Burton, Lavinia Crawford - Browne, Madeleine Fullard , Thulani Gren ville - Grey, Richard Ly s t e r, Carola Meyer, Hlengiwe Mkhize, Enver Moothoosamy, Gerald O’Sullivan, Piers Pigou, Denzil Potgieter, Nicky Roussouw, Ron Slye, Howard Va rn e y, the researchers at the ICTJ and Patrick Ball of the AAAS Institute Design: Jenny Young

The photographs that appear in these volumes were taken during the life of the Commission and represent the work of Benny Gool and others. City Press and Trace Image also supplied photographs. Cartoons by Zapiro .

Donors: Ford Foundation and Foundation for Human Rights

Printed by Formeset

Distributed for the Truth and Reconciliation Commission by Juta & Co Ltd, Kenwyn, Cape Town

The proceeds of the sale of this report will go to the President ’s Fund