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Special Report Transcript Episode 20, Section 5, Time 32:47In South Africa of today there’s a clear line between gangster and vigilante or civic action. Gangs destroy communities and groups like Pahad in Cape Town want to rebuild them. But in the shadowy history of the 1980s some gangs and vigilante groups were seen to be cut from the same cloth. They were simply mabangalala, vigilantes; right wing and mercenary groups from within the black community who tailored their activities to suit the repressive agenda of the South African government. Notes: Video footage of gang posing with weapons References select each tab to search for references TRC Final ReportOverview of violations Violations reported 13 Of all submissions to the Commission received nationally from victims alleging gross violations of human rights, only 8.4 per cent per cent were from the western Cape. 14 Most (57 per cent) of the deponents in this region were male. Male deponents ... Criminalisation of political conflict 678 During 1990, criminal gangs became increasingly drawn into the political conflict in the PWV, becoming extremely effective participants in the contest for political power and territorial control. For criminal gangs, association with political ... Train violence 644 Train violence began in July 1990 with a series of attacks on commuters travelling on the Johannesburg–Soweto line that left one person dead and approximately thirty injured. Shortly after the initial outbreak of violence in Sebokeng, Soweto commuters were attacked on trains ... 599 Although drive-by shootings occurred throughout the PWV, the Vaal was particularly subject to this form of violence. All the shootings were marked by repeated allegations that the police had failed to respond to calls for assistance, sometimes allegedly allowing the killers to drive through ... 563 Mr Themba Khoza, the IFP Youth Brigade leader of the Transvaal and Security Branch and allegedly an informer39, was arrested with guns and explosives in his car at the scene of the Sebokeng massacre and was subsequently charged with unlawful possession of firearms and ammunition. Despite ... Massacres 547 Between 1990 and 1992 there were 112 massacres in the Transvaal. The number of massacres and the resultant death tolls escalated steadily during this period. Twenty-five incidents occurred in 1990, forty-four in 1991 and forty-three in 1992. The death tolls for these years were 217 ... Vigilantes 453 Vigilante activities increased in the Transvaal at this time. The main groups were Imbokodo and Inkatha (used in the KwaNdebele homeland to enforce removals and facilitate independence) and disaffected police and/or councillors responding to attacks against them. Kabasa appeared ... Homelands 389 The conflict which had emerged in the urban areas from 1984 began to manifest itself in homelands across the country during 1986. In Bophuthatswana, KwaNdebele and Lebowa in particular, violence reached intense levels. 390 Numbers of recorded violations in the Transvaal homelands ... |
