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states of emergencyExplanation The SAP was allegedly responsible for 700 instances of torture. The pattern of alleged torture over time shows that it was at its worst during the states of emergency:
16 During most of the periods, the highest number of instances of torture were attributed to the SAP, peaking in 1986 and ... ... the police and members of Adelaide community. Another youth was shot dead and two others were injured during the confrontation. 261 During the states of emergency that were in force from 1985 until 1990, the SAP had wide powers that were open to abuse. Black police members were not only ... ... the spread of Anglo American companies throughout the Bantustans. Unions enjoyed legal status only if the labour laws upheld by the homeland puppet states allowed this. Rustenburg Platinum, owned by the Anglo American subsidiary, Johannesburg Consolidated Investments, adopted schizophrenic ... ... the bulk of torture to the SAP. The three organisations linked to the highest numbers of allegations of torture show the same pattern during the states of emergency.
22 The cases attributed to the SAP are greatest in 1986, and then drop steadily, tailing off in the period leading up the ... ... would provide them with civilian cover. The escalating nature of internal unrest in the late 1980s, the needs generated by the declarations of the states of emergency, and the desire to prevent a SWAPO victory in South West Africa derailed the timetable, and the CCB was pulled into the ... ... in detention. All the available figures indicate that the largest number of children and youth was detained between 1985 and 1989, during the two states of emergency. Of 80 000 detentions, 48 000 were detainees under the age of twenty-five.12 56 Mr Mxolisi Faku of the Eastern Cape described ... ... reported by deponents took place in the period after the unbanning of political parties (1990-1994) followed closely by the years in which states of emergency were in force (1983-1989). 26 The lower number of reported violations in early periods is partly a consequence of the different ... Act, the restrictions denied the right of South Africans to a free flow of information and ideas. At their worst, particularly during the successive states of emergency after 1985, the restrictions amounted to pre-publication censorship of information on state-inspired and state-sanctioned ... rights, the restrictions denied South Africans the right to a free flow of information and ideas. At their worst, particularly during the successive states of emergency after 1985, the restrictions amounted to pre-publication censorship of information on state-inspired and state-sanctioned ... ... He argued further that errors were made due to the arbitrary powers given to ministers and “even officials in the security forces” during the states of emergency. … because of the absence of normal checks and balances that would avoid misuse of these powers … most cases of gross ... ... went on a march. White journalists were never penalised for protesting. d There was an acceptance of the restrictions on the media under the states of emergency. Consequently, other organisations were left to challenge them. e The actions of senior newspaper personnel suggested they were ... |
